Beschreibung
InhaltsangabeContributors xiii Preface xvii 1 Introduction 1 Relevant Resources 4 References 4 2 Sensor Types 7 2.1 Introduction 7 A. S. Turk 2.2 GroundPenetrating Radar 8 A. S. Turk 2.3 Electromagnetic Induction Detector 19 A. S. Turk 2.4 Microwave Tomography Method 23 A. A. Vertiy 2.5 Acoustic and Seismic Sensor 29 A. K. Hocaoglu 2.6 Optical Detectors (Infrared and Hyperspectral) 36 A. K. Hocaoglu 2.7 Biochemical Sensors 37 M. Harbeck and Z. Z. Ozturk 2.8 Nuclear Sensors 44 A. N. Bilge References 48 3 GroundPenetrating Radar 55 3.1 Introduction 55 A. S. Turk 3.2 GPR System Design 57 A. S. Turk 3.3 GPR Hardware 64 A. S. Turk, P. van Genderen, A. G. Yarovoy, and I. Nicolaescu 3.4 GPR Antennas 83 A. S. Turk 3.5 SignalProcessing Techniques 96 A. K. Hocaoglu 3.6 Imaging Algorithms 108 C. Ozdemir 3.7 Numerical Modeling of GPR 122 S. Aksoy, E. Basaran, and E. Ozturk 3.8 Detection and Classification Algorithms 146 A. K. Hocaoglu References 162 4 Electromagnetic Induction 175 H. Ewald 4.1 Introduction to Metal Detectors 175 4.2 Inductive Metal Detectors: Types of Probes, Excitation, and Coil Arrangements 179 4.3 Influence of the Soil Properties 196 4.4 Modeling Inductive Metal Detectors 202 4.5 Advanced Signal-Processing and Pattern Recognition Systems for Metal Detection 211 4.6 Conclusions 223 References 224 5 Microwave Tomography 227 5.1 Overview 227 A. A. Vertiy 5.2 Electromagnetic Tomography 228 F. Soldovieri and L. Crocco 5.3 Multifrequency Tomographic Method 255 A. A. Vertiy and S. Gavrilov 5.4 Diffraction Multiview Tomographic Method in the Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Bands 310 A. O. Salman, A. A. Vertiy, and S. Gavrilov 5.5 Nonlinear Inversion Algorithms 365 L. Crocco and F. Soldovieri References 377 6 Acoustic and Seismic Sensors 387 H. Asanuma 6.1 Overview 387 6.2 Operating Principles and Sensor Physics 389 6.3 Sensor Installation 400 6.4 Multicomponent Techniques 403 6.5 Limitations 408 6.6 Future Prospects 409 References 410 7 Auxiliary Sensors 413 7.1 Overview 413 A. N. Bilge 7.2 Biological and Chemical Methods of Explosive Detection 414 M. Harbeck and Z. Z. Ozturk 7.3 Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance 429 G. V. Mozzhukhin and B. Z. Rameev 7.4 Xray, Gammaray, and Neutron Techniques 451 A. N. Bilge 7.5 Electric Impedance Tomography 460 A. S. Turk 7.6 Infrared and Hyperspectral Systems 465 J. E. McFee and S. Achal References 484 8 Multisensor Fusion 501 A. K. Hocaoglu 8.1 Preview 501 8.2 Data Association 503 8.3 Fusion Architectures 503 8.4 Probabilistic Sensor Fusion 505 8.5 Fuzzy Integrals for Information Fusion 513 8.6 Artificial Neural Networks 517 8.7 Summary 523 References 523 9 Geophysical Applications 525 9.1 Introduction 525 E. C. Slob 9.2 Electromagnetic Properties of Soils 526 E. C. Slob, S. Lambot, and E. Pettinelli 9.3 Hydrogeophysics 567 S. Lambot, E. Pettinelli, S. S. Hubbard, E. C. Slob, E. Bloem, and V. E. A. Post 9.4 Contaminant Remediation 600 S. S. Hubbard 9.5 Agricultural Geophysics 618 B. Allred, J. Butnor, D. L. Corwin, R. Eigenberg, H. Farahani, K. H. Johnsen, S. Lambot, D. McInnis, E. Pettinelli, L. Samuelson, and B. Woodbury 9.6 Archaeology and Cultural Heritage 644 E. Pettinelli, P. M. Barone, E. Mattei, A. Di Matteo, and F. Soldovieri References 667 10 Remote Sensing and Security 689 10.1 Introduction 689 A. A. Vertiy 10.2 ThroughWall Imaging and Detection 690 A. A. Vertiy and S. Gavrilov 10.3 Millimeter-WaveBand Passive Imaging 721 A. Denisov and A. A. Vertiy References 740 11 Mine Detection 743 11.1 The Landmine Problem 743 A. G. Yarovoy 11.2 Overview of Demining Techniques 745 A. G. Yarovoy 11.3 Advanced Electromagnetic Induction Sensor 747 A. G. Yarovoy and H. Ewald 11.4 GroundPenetrating Radar 750 A. G. Yarovoy
Autorenportrait
InhaltsangabeContributors xiii Preface xvii 1 Introduction 1 Relevant Resources 4 References 4 2 Sensor Types 7 2.1 Introduction 7 A. S. Turk 2.2 GroundPenetrating Radar 8 A. S. Turk 2.3 Electromagnetic Induction Detector 19 A. S. Turk 2.4 Microwave Tomography Method 23 A. A. Vertiy 2.5 Acoustic and Seismic Sensor 29 A. K. Hocaoglu 2.6 Optical Detectors (Infrared and Hyperspectral) 36 A. K. Hocaoglu 2.7 Biochemical Sensors 37 M. Harbeck and Z. Z. Ozturk 2.8 Nuclear Sensors 44 A. N. Bilge References 48 3 GroundPenetrating Radar 55 3.1 Introduction 55 A. S. Turk 3.2 GPR System Design 57 A. S. Turk 3.3 GPR Hardware 64 A. S. Turk, P. van Genderen, A. G. Yarovoy, and I. Nicolaescu 3.4 GPR Antennas 83 A. S. Turk 3.5 SignalProcessing Techniques 96 A. K. Hocaoglu 3.6 Imaging Algorithms 108 C. Ozdemir 3.7 Numerical Modeling of GPR 122 S. Aksoy, E. Basaran, and E. Ozturk 3.8 Detection and Classification Algorithms 146 A. K. Hocaoglu References 162 4 Electromagnetic Induction 175 H. Ewald 4.1 Introduction to Metal Detectors 175 4.2 Inductive Metal Detectors: Types of Probes, Excitation, and Coil Arrangements 179 4.3 Influence of the Soil Properties 196 4.4 Modeling Inductive Metal Detectors 202 4.5 Advanced Signal-Processing and Pattern Recognition Systems for Metal Detection 211 4.6 Conclusions 223 References 224 5 Microwave Tomography 227 5.1 Overview 227 A. A. Vertiy 5.2 Electromagnetic Tomography 228 F. Soldovieri and L. Crocco 5.3 Multifrequency Tomographic Method 255 A. A. Vertiy and S. Gavrilov 5.4 Diffraction Multiview Tomographic Method in the Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Bands 310 A. O. Salman, A. A. Vertiy, and S. Gavrilov 5.5 Nonlinear Inversion Algorithms 365 L. Crocco and F. Soldovieri References 377 6 Acoustic and Seismic Sensors 387 H. Asanuma 6.1 Overview 387 6.2 Operating Principles and Sensor Physics 389 6.3 Sensor Installation 400 6.4 Multicomponent Techniques 403 6.5 Limitations 408 6.6 Future Prospects 409 References 410 7 Auxiliary Sensors 413 7.1 Overview 413 A. N. Bilge 7.2 Biological and Chemical Methods of Explosive Detection 414 M. Harbeck and Z. Z. Ozturk 7.3 Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance 429 G. V. Mozzhukhin and B. Z. Rameev 7.4 Xray, Gammaray, and Neutron Techniques 451 A. N. Bilge 7.5 Electric Impedance Tomography 460 A. S. Turk 7.6 Infrared and Hyperspectral Systems 465 J. E. McFee and S. Achal References 484 8 Multisensor Fusion 501 A. K. Hocaoglu 8.1 Preview 501 8.2 Data Association 503 8.3 Fusion Architectures 503 8.4 Probabilistic Sensor Fusion 505 8.5 Fuzzy Integrals for Information Fusion 513 8.6 Artificial Neural Networks 517 8.7 Summary 523 References 523 9 Geophysical Applications 525 9.1 Introduction 525 E. C. Slob 9.2 Electromagnetic Properties of Soils 526 E. C. Slob, S. Lambot, and E. Pettinelli 9.3 Hydrogeophysics 567 S. Lambot, E. Pettinelli, S. S. Hubbard, E. C. Slob, E. Bloem, and V. E. A. Post 9.4 Contaminant Remediation 600 S. S. Hubbard 9.5 Agricultural Geophysics 618 B. Allred, J. Butnor, D. L. Corwin, R. Eigenberg, H. Farahani, K. H. Johnsen, S. Lambot, D. McInnis, E. Pettinelli, L. Samuelson, and B. Woodbury 9.6 Archaeology and Cultural Heritage 644 E. Pettinelli, P. M. Barone, E. Mattei, A. Di Matteo, and F. Soldovieri References 667 10 Remote Sensing and Security 689 10.1 Introduction 689 A. A. Vertiy 10.2 ThroughWall Imaging and Detection 690 A. A. Vertiy and S. Gavrilov 10.3 Millimeter-WaveBand Passive Imaging 721 A. Denisov and A. A. Vertiy References 740 11 Mine Detection 743 11.1 The Landmine Problem 743 A. G. Yarovoy 11.2 Overview of Demining Techniques 745 A. G. Yarovoy 11.3 Advanced Electromagnetic Induction Sensor 747 A. G. Yarovoy and H. Ewald 11.4 GroundPenetrating Radar 750 A. G. Yarovoy
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