This book focuses on the potential and limitations of second-tier CFEs based on actual buyers opinions. It clarifies CFEs internal competitiveness factors. It attempts to conceptualize what collective social entrepreneurship is, clarifying trade-offs they face as a social enterprise. This issue has hardly been conceptualized in the academic literature. It deepens empirical understanding regarding the importance of producer agency in the context of actual CFE interventions. It also suggests pending agendas for future research in this field.

Dr. Hiroyuki Tanaka is a consultant of Kaihatsu Management Consulting, Inc. in Tokyo. He has been working in the field of community forestry. He has extensive field experience in developing countries including Ethiopia, Zambia, Mexico, Guatemala, Panama, Bolivia, Nepal, Thailand and China.