This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Simulation of Adaptive Behavior, SAB 2022, held in Cergy-Pontoise, France, in September 2022. The 17 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 23 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Embodiment; Brain-Inspired Control, Adaptation, and Learning; Bio-inspired Vision and navigation; Affective and Social Cognition and Collective Intelligence.